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The wars in Lebanon were the subject of much news detail in the 1960’s. The so called Taif agreement of 1989, said to be a u.n. backed peace agreement involving Saudi Arabia, France and the United States amongst others was described as an anti-Saddam Hussein alliance. The agreement was said to have transferred some of the power from colonial as said Christians of the French era to the Sunni prime minister, who was from then on documented to be answerable to legislators. The agreement was described as a fifty-fifty power share. Negotiated in Ta’if, Saudi Arabia, it is said to have allowed for the withdrawal of Israeli troops, then reported to be occupying Southern Lebanon; and stipulated that Syria, a presence in Lebanon since 1976, withdraw within two years.

Historically, an allied blockade on food during world war 1, from 1915-1918 resulted in a reported great famine in Lebanon. Described as mass starvation, it was said to have resulted in an estimated 200,000 deaths. According to reports Beirut was a centre for finance and trade and the subject of many disputes. Saudi influence in Lebanon may have contributed to Palestinian refugees returning to Israel. There is a report of poor treatment in special refugee camps. There was thought to be a rise in sectarian violence during the Syrian war, beginning 2011. Lebanon’s Sunnis were documented as supporting isis, Shias supported the Syrian government.

According to news, prime minister Saad Hariri, leader of the Future party, resigned in October 2019 following lengthy protests, reported in western news to be concerned with a perceived corrupt superstructure and elitism. The financial crisis is said to have worsened since.

Delays in forming a coalition have been documented to be because of sectarianism and inadequate representation. Proportionate representation has been law in Lebanon since 2017. Following the 2018 general election, the said to be overwhelmingly Christian, free patriotic movement officiated because Hezbollah, who according to documentation got the most votes, reportedly did not stand. Reason unknown.

Free patriotic movement policy appears to support Lebanese migration, thought to be mainly of the elite. The Future movement are documented as the third most popular party according to 2018 election figures. Even so, party leader Saad Hariri, who resigned 3 months ago was designated prime minister. He is son of the former prime minister of Lebanon, Rafic Hariri who was assassinated in 2005. Radix Harari was documented as one of the constructors of the taif agreement. Both Hezbollah and Syria have been accused of being involved in his death. Unknown source.

The financial crisis in Lebanon is believed to be connected to a debt with the world bank due to immense damage to infrastructure from constant bombardments. According to news, there is a current restriction on bank withdrawals as policy. Protesters, who are believed to have targeted banks, occupied branches and in one case taken a staff member hostage in order to access funds are accused by some of not supporting their government.

The as called Government of National Accord is an emergency government proposed in 2012 to take over legislation in Libya. The General National Congress was the first party to be elected by popular vote in the aftermath of the Libyan civil war and the killing of Muammar Gadaffi and his son. Two years on, according to the u.n. they were not making any progress on their constitution. Another election was engineered and they were replaced by the as called House of Representatives although turnout was down 50%. Reason not fully understood.
A h.o.r. proposed cabinet was not recognised by Libyan courts, who also ruled that the 2014 elections were unconstitutional. There was reportedly no voting in some areas due to security issues. The General National Congress was restored but was not recognised by the h.o.r., who in October 2014 minus popular vote, elected to extend its own term. According to documentation there has been no elections in Libya since. Current news of blockades on key oil ports by supporters of Haftar may indicate the u.n.’s real criteria in Libya.

The Berlin process, a conference hosted by Germany and scheduled for Sunday, is said to be set to discuss the as called Libyan crisis. According to news, on the agenda is the possibility for moving the maritime border between Libya and Turkey in Turkey’s favour; indicated to be connected to ownership of gas rights. Libya’s Khalifa Haftar, believed not to be invited, visited Greece for support who are said to be opposed to the transfer of ownership.

Will the opening of Stormont a week ago today, result in any changes in northern Ireland? Word has it that it won’t make any difference. Boris Johnson is ensuring that northern Ireland follow UK policies, meaning public services may continue to abuse human rights on the basis of cultural or political differences.
The northern Ireland executive as part of Eire might be able to do better, that is look after everyone.

An attack in Mali on Thursday, resulting in over a dozen deaths has been blamed on a feud or inter-ethnic violence. There has been a war in Mali since 2013. Minusma, the united nations multi-dimensional integrated stabilizing mission in Mali, has been a presence from about the same time. Attacks have been blamed on religious extremism according to some but others have described the conflict as a war for independence. Mali is believed to be the third largest producer of gold on the African continent. In spite of a minusma presence in Mali reportedly for over six years, there is believed to be little or no services now, particularly in the north.
Various linked agreements are cited by u.n. contingents. Sanctions are documented as a consequence if unspecified terms of the agreement are not met. The agreement claims to be the only pathway to peace.
A study on intervention outlines the criteria for intervention decisions as follows: *Entrepeuners are believed to play a role who often benefit disproportionately.
*According to some it is the would be entrepeuners who reportedly create a narrative for military intervention and sell it to the media.
*A key strategy in the interest of ambiguity is the lobbying of heads of state to support the intervention policy, and key roles.

A commemeration of the royal Irish constabulory to take place tomorrow at Dublin Castle has been cancelled due to public opinion to the contrary. The royal Irish constabulary under British rule were accused of never being an ordinary police force. There were reports of discrimination and they were linked by some to sectarian violence.
The war of independence was fought on the streets and in the country. Beginning in 1919, it resulted in a reported thousands of former British soldiers enlisting in the aftermath of the first world war. The r.i.c. are believed to have taken to paramilitary activities. They became notorious for attacks on civillians and civillian property. The term black and tans refers to a mix of police and army uniforms. Having a reputation for brutality, there are reports of civillian murders, arson and looting of property.
Disbanding when the war reached its conclusion in 1921, black and tans were said to have joined the royal Ulster constabulary and the Palestine police force, a colonial force in what was then termed as mandatory palestine, under British control until the recreation of an Israeli state in 1948. Others are reported to have settled in the colonies.

Democracy is what the u.k. and perhaps the u.s. often say they are fighting for. When all is said and done it is perceived as a value as in northern Ireland and the middle East. Yet there are reports of infiltration which might render democracy a fallacy.
Positions in the British labour party have been filled by tories. Tony Blair was known to be an admirer of Margaret Thatcher. New Labour and many other, as said socialist movements are elite constructs, in order to serve a purpose of a pretence of democracy.
Democracy can be a fallacy if a party has lost its socialist or nationalist values but is carrying on complacently. Democratic policies such as two or more parties often mean a politician represents his party rather than his country. Might result in inter party feuds as opposed to a unitary system which might be viable.

It is apparently a psychological fact that a person from a prevailing culture tends to apportioned blame to an individual according to their circumstances. For instance rather than acknowledging an unemployment problem, an individual from a prevailing culture would blame the unemployed. The criteria is believed to be also true of persons who have conjoined with the prevailing culture.

It’s no secret that in the past torture has been advocated in the u.s. Donald Trump has been criticised for apparently nominating persons for office who are said to have pro-torture backgrounds.
Torture is documented to be illegal in the u.s., even so torture has been advocated in the media by various public and military personnel. This fact withstanding, why hasn’t the president insisted on the freedom of Julian Assange who leaked documents said to concern the torture of Iraqi prisoners of war? Reference to former revelations, meaning the public were already informed. There is no evidence that advocates of said to be illegal procedures have been prosecuted.

A thought to be relatively new phenomena is tent villages of homeless people, reported in Dublin and Cork. On Wednesday an incident occurred resulting in a homeless man sustaining what is described as life changing injuries after a tent he was living in by the Grand Canal, Dublin was removed mechanically by a city council vehicle. It must be that council workers failed to ensure the tent was empty prior to carrying out an executive order to remove tents from the waterway.
Price, quality and standard of accomodation contribute to homelessness, as does suzerainty values, that is landlords are not subject to any substantial procedures, can break the law, often advertise substandard accomodation; and if this is the case it can be difficult and expensive for the tennant to find different accomodation.