Reportedly, Somalia was colonised in the late 19th Century primarily as a route to other African nations. According to the report, the land was divided into two colonies, the british Somaliland protectorate and italian Somaliland. Reportedly, Britain conquered italian Somaliland during the second world war and administered both territories militarily. According to a report, a major clan during the british protectorate was the Isaac clan who trace their lineage to Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed, an arab islamic scholar who travelled to Somalia. Islam was probably introduced during the late 9th Century. Reportedly, during the british protectorate an alliance was made with a Somali youth group that evolved into a western style political government.
According to reports, the major tribe in the north is the Majeerteens. Reportedly, in 1949 italian Somaliland in the south became a u.n. trusteeship territory and went far, british Somaliland was neglected. According to the u.n., disparities in economic growth, and opportunities for education and political experience would cause serious difficulties when it became time to integrate the two parts.
Reportedly, the u.n. have been engaged in Somalia since 1960, the year the u.n. trust territory of Somaliland and the former british Somaliland united to form the republic of Somalia. Reportedly, a government was formed by members of the trusteeship and protectorate governments.
According to reports, in 1969 the second president of the Somalian republic, Abdirashid Shermarke was assassinated. Reportedly, the Somali national movement stormed the capital of Mogadishu, seized key government buildings and ordered the resignation of the country’s leaders. Siad Barre, leader of the snm became president, According to reports, members of the Isaaq group were removed from positions of authority, and between 1987-89 200,000 members of the Isaaq tribe were killed.
Reportedly, infighting in 1988-90 resulted in u.n. military observers. According to a report, unisom 1 failed because some troops refused to carry out orders. Reportedly, the u.n. secretary general led a senior team to negotiations and support for a ceasefire was expressed by all factions. According to the report, unitaf, a u.s led unified task force in Somalia were charged with carrying out u.n. resolution 794 creating a protected environment for humanitarian aid in the south of the country. Reportedly, evolved into unosom 2 who told they would ensure a secure environment throughout Somalia. According to the report, the u.n. were accused of abandoning its neutral role in Somalia. Reportedly, clashes between unosom and the Somali national army led to enforced disarmament. According to the report, an enquiry told that the u.n. intervention was mismanaged. Reportedly, the u.n. security council voted unanimously to withdraw all forces, though the u.n. are still engaged in Somalia.
According to a report, the ongoing war has caused hundreds of thousands of civilians to flee their homes, almost 4.5 million have suffered from malnutrition, an estimated 300,000 people have died since 1991 and almost a million have sought refuge in other countries.