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According to a report British concern that soviet Russia might mount an offensive against British India via Afghanistan resulted in the Anglo-Afghan wars beginning 1839. The treaty of Gandamak, 1879 was reportedly signed during the second Afghan war. Resulted in territories, now part of Pakistan being taken over by the British Raj. Reportedly as part of the agreement Afghanistan was to conduct foreign relations according to British advice and wishes. The treaty which resulted in more fighting was followed by the Durand line, an agreement said to be between British India and Afghanistan which ceded part of Pashtun territory to British rule. Reportedly the Durand line was recognised by Afghan president Mohammed Khan in 1976. According to reports he was killed in the presidential palace along with other family members in 1978 by military officers from Afghanistan’s communist party. Lead to ten years of conflict with soviet Russia who were said to have intervened on behalf of the new government and fought with the mujahideen in Afghanistan.

Reportedly many of the Afghan mujahideen were from Peshaware now Pakistan, possibly of Pashtun heritage. Others were said to be of an Iranian cultural group. Said to be formed as a political group with a communitarian ideology based on Islamic law at Kabul university, they reportedly became the taliban.

According to a report the taliban took refuge in neighbouring Pakistan during the u.s. military offensive twenty years ago. Reportedly they reappeared in 2009 due to the u.s. offensive in Iraq. By 2012 nato was said to have seized control of most areas. According to a report it was mainly the u.s. that supported the post taliban government said to have been an estimated $7 billion in annual aid in 2011 for instance, plus 150,000 international troops. The u.s. reportedly promised a full withdrawal by September 11 2021. Taliban militants are believed to have taken control as the u.s. military withdrew.

According to current news, the mayor of Kabul and other officials are returning to work. Reportedly a taliban spokesperson has said the new government will be Islamic and all sides should join. According to reports some women will be disappointed at the taliban’s return. A spokesman for the taliban said they will not be against women’s education.

According to reports hundreds of Afghans, diplomats and officials, some said to have cooperated with allied forces are hoping to flee the country. Reportedly the taliban have taken over the presidential palace in Kabul and the president who was said to be in favour of a power share has left. The taliban who have reportedly taken over all major cities have ordered militants to abstain from violence.

According to a report the uk secretary for defence has said the uk will not be returning to Afghanistan. Reportedly Britain have deployed military personnel to aid people leaving and are expecting a number of asylum seekers. The u.n. are said to be staging emergency talks with the taliban in Afghanistan this morning. According to a report the un employ about 3000 Afghans and around 720 international staff working on Afghanistan.

According to a report, international studies confirm that mRNA vaccines such as Pfizer and Moderna are substantially more effective than traditional vaccines such as Astrazenica and Johnson and Johnson/Janssen against delta and previous strains of covid 19.

According to the report scientific evidence proves that boosting a single Astrazenica shot with Pfizer or Moderna induces around ten times the antibodies than two shots of Astrazenica could.

Reportedly .4% of those tested for covid 19 in Ireland over the past fortnight were positive, amounting to 20,000 cases of which 17% were fully vaccinated.

According to a report, due to reduced health service executive services, covid 19 since the end of 2019 has resulted in an extra 10,000 people waiting for in patient treatment. Reportedly there are 77,000 on the inpatient waiting list and an unprecedented 630,000 are waiting for out patient appointments.

Cancellations of operations and appointments, reportedly a requirement for an as called national public health emergency team was said to be partly due to people being worried about catching covid in hospital though Ireland did not have the onslaught of hospital patients suffering from covid or fatalities experienced elsewhere.

According to some figures the delta variant is resulting in fewer deaths, reportedly nearly zero in the uk where delta is said to account for approximately 99% of covid cases. According to usa figures, delta accounts for more than 90% of cases, the fatality rate was said to be approximately .18%. Reportedly delta may account for 70% of Irish cases. Recent fatalities were said to be related to foreign travel.

According to a report the polish government yesterday voted in a draft law limiting the media ownership and influence of non European contingents. Reportedly the eu have responded by advocating media pluralism and diversity of opinions. The draft is said to have to be approved by the president and the senate.

According to a report Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro has been accused of genocide at the International criminal court. Reportedly 1,160 people believed to be indigenous have died of the corona virus and Brazilian tribes have accused him of negligence.

Situated in the Hague. the icc is a u.n. institution founded on the Rome statute in 1998 and has been in place since 2002. According to their documentation the icc, extra to national courts are concerned with all matters such as genocide, crimes against humanity, gender equality and workplace culture.

According to a report the assassination of the said to be western backed Afghanistan government’s media officer last Friday has been blamed on the taliban. The assassination of Dawa Khan Manapal, head of the government media and information centre which seemingly provides a u.s. perspective was said to be the latest in a series of assassinations. Reportedly, taliban fighters intensified clashes with Afghan forces last week and attacked militias attached to the government. Zaranje and dozens of districts were said to have been taken back.

According to recent news Herat, a historical city, and Ghazni, 130km from the capital were taken today. Reportedly the Afghanistan government have made a power sharing proposal to the taliban.

According to a report Nick Clegg, former leader of the liberal democrats who served as British deputy prime minister for five years has been Facebook’s vice president for global affairs and communications since 2018 and was said to be taking more of the workload from Sheryl Sandberg, chief operations officer who came to facebook from google and reportedly used the specific data of users to tailor advertising which made facebook highly lucrative. According to the report she failed to deal with criticisms concerning the company adequately and Nick Clegg who was said to have broken into the inner circle is taking on more of her workload.

A criticism of Facebook, a seeming advocate for free speech has been related to the organising of protests that sometimes go wrong. The challenge for Facebook is said to be navigating the political waters internationally. Nick Clegg is described as ambitious and reportedly sees the future of politics and global governance being at the interception of technology.

According to a report, locals and activists held a protest near a New Dehli crematorium where a nine year old girl was hurriedly cremated after allegedly being raped and murdered. Reportedly, nine year old Gudiya had gone out to fetch water. Her mother was told she had been electrocuted after stepping on a wire, and to come to the cremotorium. She rushed to the crematorium and found signs of abuse on her daughter’s body.

According to the report Gudiya’s parents said that their daughter had been cremated to destroy evidence by the thought to be crematorium priest and other men even before Gudiya’s father could arrive.

The priest reportedly said, “Don’t make a noise, don’t shout, or else you will have to face a lengthy court case”. The family is of the Dalit caste. The caste system in India has changed. Reportedly four men have been arrested for rape, murder and wrongful confinement. The case has stirred new protests in New Dehli against grevious sexual violence.