Irish water is owned by Ervia, created in 2013. Ervia was to be commercially run but water charges have been abandoned, although the idea of water charges for excess usage remains, however running contaminated water off can save the pipes. There has been boil water notices regarding infestations of what is termed by the experts as cryptosporidium. Might be a kind of mite. Regular infestations may be due to a virus in the water. Water quality is believed to be monitored by key stakeholders, government departments and industry representatives.