Author: yreape

Reportedly the Rwandan genocide occurred between 7 April and 15 July 1994, during which time there were between 500,000 and 800,000 tutsi deaths at the hands of hutis.

Reportedly Rwanda was part of the german empire, followed by a league of nations mandate for Belgian rule, both controlled through reigning tutsi kings. According to a report, tutsi leadership agitated for independence. The Rwandan revolution began in 1959. Reportedly, colonial powers supported hutis who fought with Belgians and a policy of replacing tutsi chiefs and promoting huti control was established. According to reports the revolution resulted in an estimated 336,000 tutsi refugees.

Reportedly, in 1990 some refugees in Uganda formed an armed group, the Rwandan patriotic front and launched attacks in Rwanda, lead to a civil war and extremism. In 1993 the Arusha accords was signed by the huti government, the Rwandan patriotic front, the organisation of African unity and the u.n. According to a report twenty one cabinet posts were allocated in a new transitional government, and a prime minister appointed who was also acting president, a u.n. presence supervised.

Reportedly, on 6 April 1994 a plane carrying the Rwandan president and the President of Burundi, both hutis was shot down killing everyone on board. According to the report the rpf were blamed, the hutis began an organised campaign of slaughter.

According to reports, on 7 April 1994 roadblocks were set up and hutis began a door to door campaign targeting the tutsi population. Reportedly around 500,000 to 800,000 tutsis were murdered.

According to reports, on 10 April the prime minister, her husband and ten Belgian soldiers were murdered. Reportedly, the u.n. who were debating the crisis resolved to send 6,800 police and protect the hitu.

Reportedly, from late April onwards the Rwandan patriotic front advanced and an estimated 1-2 million hutis fled to Burundi, Tanzania and the democratic republic of the Congo, fearing reprisals.

According to reports a french lead military campaign from June- August, under u.n. mandate, consisting of surveillance and fighter aircraft, 2,500 ground troops and 100 armed combat vehicles were accused of propping up the genocidal huti regime. Reportedly, the government fled to the Congo in July, killings persisted.

The French presidential elections are planned for April-May 2022. Reportedly, key election issues are work, cost of living, the environment, immigration and security. According to reports the president who is head of the executive, head of state and commander of the armed forces also appoints the prime minister. Emmanuel Macron is president since 2017. He is expected to run for re-election.

Another candidate is Marine Le Pen of Ressemblent national whose founder was Jean-Marie Le Pen, Marine’s father. Main themes are immigration and security. Now pro eu. Reportedly, other candidates are; Jean-Luc Mélenchon, former member of the european parliament and founder of La France insoumice, translates as unsubmissive France. Main themes, cost of living and minimum wage; Ann Hidalgo, current mayor of Paris. Themes, education, health, wages and ecology and Yannic Jadot, green party and mep. Themes are climate, health, the environment and social justice. According to a report he has pledged to put an end to industrial animal farming.

Reportedly Les Republicains are yet to select their candidate, three possibilities are Xavier Bertrand, Valerie Pècresse and Michel Barnier. Reportedly, Xavier Bertrand’s agenda is a review of the goal to bring the share of nuclear in France’s energy mix down to 50%. According to a report 70.6% of France’s electricity is generated by nuclear means. According to reports, President of the Îl de France region, Valerie Pécresse served as minister for public accounts and state reforms in the government of Françoise Fillon. Reportedly a new prime minister was appointed following the defeat of Nicolas Sarkozy in the 2012 presidential elections.

According to a report, in 2006 Michel Barnier served as a special adviser to the then president of the european commission José Manuel Barroso, he proposed a european civil protection force and was a member of a group of politicians who were rewriting the treaty establishing the constitution of Europe into what became known as the Lisbon treaty. Reportedly he served as the european commission’s head of task force for relations with the u.k. from 2019-21.

According to a report, eu countries are in debt to the extent only a fiscal program will be able to tackle. According to the report mainly Sweden and Denmark will not have to make the adjustment. A fiscal program within the eurozone is authorised by the european central bank. The printing of notes in order to loan to another nation does not affect the loaner’s economy and is beneficial.

The only alternative to a fiscal program is to borrow more. Nextgenerationeu is a temporary financial plan consisting of €2.018 trillion being presented as being available for borrowing to the european commision.

Rising debts are not just a european problem. According to a report, u.s. national debt stands at $28.8 trillion. According to reports, as of last quarter of 2020 eu nations owed around €6.94 trillion.

A church service commemerating the hundred years since the annexation of northern Ireland is planned for 21 October in St Patrick’s church, Armagh. Fianna fáil, officially fianna fáil – the republican party have released a statement saying the minister for foreign affairs and the government chief whip will be attending the celebration of a hundred years of u.k. rule.

Reportedly, though the dup are abstaining from cross border meetings apart from those on health issues, a meeting to discuss health and safety with the north south ministerial council went ahead on Thursday at which the executive received £1 billion in funding, though according to the report they have little or no influence over the distribution of the money. Reportedly, the health minister brought details of the funding to a meeting with the health and food safety body.

The outcome of a meeting with the eu on Friday to deal with these issues is unknown. Reportedly, funds for infrastructure required for northern Ireland eu protocol have not been approved.

According to reports Colin Luther Powell died this morning of complications due to covid. Reportedly, from 1989-93 he was the most senior officer in the u.s. armed forces. He was author of the Powell doctrine which limits military action to national security interests, overwhelming strike capabilities with the emphasis on ground forces and public support.

Reportedly the son of Jamaican immigrants, Colin Powell was an independent before joining the republicans in 1995. He was u.s. secretary of state from 2001-2005. He became an independent again in 2021.

Powell was chairman of America’s Promise, an alliance of non profit community organisations dedicated to improving the lives of young people.

According to reports thousands joined protests against the Sudanese government in Khartoum on Saturday. Reportedly demonstrators convened outside the presidential palace demanding the dismissal of the government of prime minister Abdalla Hamdok, a former u.n. economist whose u.n. backed reforms have impacted on many Sudanese.

According to reports the government has been in power since the ousting of Omar al Bashir in 2019. Reportedly, Bashir, who ruled for three decades, faces charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur.

According to a report, in 2008 the u.n.’s presence in Darfur comprised of over 12,000 troops, 175 military observers, 2,767 police officers, 786 civilian personnel, 1,405 local civilian staff and 266 volunteers.

Reportedly, hundreds of thousands have been internally displaced in Darfur. According to reports, Bashir government troops targeted local populations and burned villages. Reportedly, Bashir is in prison in Sudan serving a sentence for corruption, and is due to be transferred to the international criminal court to face charges of genocide and war crimes which he denies, but violence erupted again in December 2019.

Reportedly, for most of a decade Darfur has been off limits to the rest of the world. Thousands have been killed, more displaced and living in camps. According to a Sudanese refugee, some people are frightened to go back to their land. Others such as the Sudanese liberation army refused to move.

According to a report there are six blocks for oil exploration in Darfur now under contract or being considered by investors. Reportedly, according to a source, any agreement regarding oil should be negotiated in order to preserve the rights of local communities in their land.

According to reports, the european external action service manages the eu’s diplomatic relations with other countries outside the union and works with the diplomatic services of eu countries, the u.n. and other powers. The high representative of the union of foreign affairs is Catalan born José Forrell Fontelles. Reportedly, for a short time he was a member of Pedro Sánchez’s government. According to the report, in 1988 Forrell ran against the leader of the Spanish socialist party obtaining 54.9% of members votes, resulted in an uneasy power sharing with the official party leader. Reportedly, in 1998 a fraud investigation was held against two officials whom José Forrell had appointed to senior posts in finance, he resigned.

According to a report José Forrell was elected to chair the joint Congress-Senate committee for the eu in 1999. Reportedly the committee is devoted to the participation of parliament in eu affairs, obtaining information in order to have influence on the stance of government, its functions were expanded in the treaty of Lisbon.

According to reports, the Lisbon treaty reforms the earlier Maastricht treaty, some differences being a bicarmel legislature alongside the council of ministers, the creation of a long term president of the european council which under the treaty became a full institution of the eu, and the creation of a high representative of the union for foreign affairs and security policy.

The universal declaration of human rights was drafted following the second world war at the congress of Europe. Reportedly British, French and German political leaders convened with civil society, representatives, academics, business leaders, trade unionists and religious leaders. Articles of the pledge stated, we desire a charter of human rights guaranteeing liberty of thought, assembly and expression as well as right to form a political opposition. We desire a court of justice with adequate sanctions for the implementation of this charter. Reportedly the european convention on human rights was inspired by the universal declaration of human rights.

A dutch mep and member of renew europe, reportedly the subject of conspiracy theories headed a visit to Slovenia from Wednesday to Friday concerning the rule of law. The visit was preceded by a visit from the eu president incumbent and Angela Merkel. The Slovenian prime minister is supposedly current president of the council of europe but Since the operation of the Lisbon treaty the rotating presidency has been replaced by a trio, currently Germany, Portugal and Slovenia.

The role of the presidency is to set long term goals and to prepare a common agenda, topics and major issues that should be addressed by the council, from which each of the three countries are expected to prepare their own more detailed program.

According to a report disagreements have arisen between the Slovenian prime minister and the eu parliament; thirteen members of which he accused of being puppets, following a visit lead by a member of the renew europe group. Renew europe was founded in 2019 and has atleast one member from twenty two countries in the european parliament.

Reportedly there are seven main eu institutions. The european parliament, the european council (of heads of state or government), the council of the eu (of national ministers) for each area of responsibility. The european commision, reportedly responsible for proposing legislation and directing the eu’s administrative processes. According to a report members are proposed by the council of the european union based on suggestions by national governments and appointed by the eu council following approval of the european parliament. The court of Justice of the european union oversees the uniform application and interpretation of eu law in cooperation with the national judiciary. Reportedly, the role of the cjeu is to resolve disputes between member nations and eu institutions, and can take action against eu institutions on behalf of individuals, companies or organisations whose rights have been infringed. The european central bank authorises the issuance of euro bank notes. Lastly, the court of auditors whose primary role is to judge whether the eu budget has been spent proficiently. The eu budget finances policies in agriculture, regional development, trans european networks, research and innovation, health, education and culture, migration, border protection and humanitarian aid.