Former president’s son charged

According to a report, the former president of Gabon, Mr Ondimba’s son Noureddin Bongo Valentin and several members of his cabinet have been charged with high treason and jailed, they have also been charged with corruption. Reportedly, Mr Valentin who was the former president’s spokesman was formally charged on Tuesday and remanded in custody.

According to the report, the new regime have accused the former government of massive misappropriation of public funds. Reportedly, the military arrested Mr Valentin and five other young senior officials on the day of the coup. According to the report, searches of their homes, broadcast on state tv found suitcases and bags filled with banknotes. Reportedly, the former president’s wife was placed under house arrest but Mr Ondimba is free to come and go as he pleases.

Pact

According to reports, three former french colonies, Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger have signed a mutual aid pact. Reportedly, the Liptako-Gourma charter, named after the region they all share creates the alliance of Sahel countries. According to the report, its aim is to establish an architecture of collective defence and mutual assistance for the people, read the malian leader’s social media text.

Militancy was rife when France was in control, they were asked to leave Mali and Burkina Faso, but in Mali they have been replaced by wagner, and though not much has changed, a russian delegation has held talks this month on the possibility of a russian military presence in Burkina Faso.

Reportedly, protestors in Niger are demanding that french troops leave. According to reports, Niger’s leaders has asked the french ambassador to leave, who has complained of a lack of services.

New proposals

According to a report, the president of the european union put forward the following proposals in her state of the union speech. A proposal for a new strategy for Africa. A proposal to reduce the red tape required for businesses, and to help smaller businesses with an envoy. A proposal to invest €50 billion in Ukraine. A proposal to be adaptable with regard to eu rule of law and enlargement, the green deal and a proposal to invest in artificial intelligence, entails the programming of new computers. AI enables the computer to make the decisions. Common in Britain.

Nagorno-Karabakh

According to a report, weakened by a months long blockade of the only route connecting Karabakh to Armenia and without significant international support, armenian residents of Karabakh were unable to stop Azerbaijan making quick territorial gains, and after 24 hours of fighting they agreed to a ceasefire. Reportedly, four peacekeepers were killed in shelling, the president of Azerbaijan has expressed his condolences. According to the report, the Russia brokered peace discussions between the two governments lasted several hours, after which the Azerbaijan presidential office said that talks had concluded and that fuel, medical supplies and humanitarian aid would be sent to Karabakh.

According to the report, discussions concerned the peaceful reintegration of Karabakh into Azerbaijan and under the terms of the agreement Azerbaijan committed to be disbanded and disarmed, but Armenians say the brokered ceasefire has been broken. Reportedly, small arms gun fire could be heard on a video that showed people running for cover in the region’s major city, and other reports of fire elsewhere. Azerbaijan deny this.

According to the report, Azerbaijan intend to bring Karabakh where 120,000 armenians live, under complete control. Reportedly, Azerbaijan’s president said that the country had restored its sovereignty in the region for the first time in decades.

According to the report, the armenian government said it wasn’t prepared for mass evacuations and that armenians should be allowed to live safely in their homes. It is unclear whether armenian forces are present in the area. Reportedly, the u.n. security council were due to discuss the situation on Thursday.

The history of tobacco

Tobacco is derived from the leaves of the nicotiana plant which is of the nightshade family and indigenous to America. Reportedly, archaeological studies suggest people used tobacco in or around the first century bc, perhaps later. According to the report, maya people of Guatemala and Mexico used tobacco leaves for smoking in sacred and religious ceremonies, and the use spread throughout America. Tobacco was sometimes used in pipes of peace to seal treaties, or for religious effect.

In the 15th Century, explorer Christopher Columbus noticed that dried tobacco leaves were a possession to barter or bestow as a gift. He brought some home to England. Reportedly, chewing tobacco became very popular, and tobacco became one of the primary products fuelling colonisation.

According to a report, in 1609 John Rolfe an english colonist arrived in Virginia, he married Pokahontas, a native american and daughter of the chief of the Tidewater region in what is now Virginia. Reportedly, in Walt Disney’s film, Pokahontas II, Journey to a new world, Billy Zane is the voice of John Rolfe who was the first person to grow tobacco successfully for commercial use. According to the report, by 1620, 18,000 kg of tobacco was shipped to England and tobacco production led to the first importation of african slaves.

Reportedly, in 1881 James Bonsack invented a cigarette making machine, he went into business and the american tobacco company was born, survives today as british american tobacco, a global company with reported revenues of 13,104 billion in 2015.

Canada and India clash

According to reports, Canada’s prime minister has linked the death of an indian seperatist to the indian government. Reportedly, Hardeep Singh Nijjir who was accused of plotting the murder of a hindu priest was shot and killed outside a sikh temple in June. According to the report, the canadian prime minister said intelligence reported that he was killed by indian government agents. Reportedly, India who deny the claims described the deceased as a Khalistani terrorist. Khalistan is an idea to form a seperate sikh state inside India, some theories include part of Pakistan.

According to reports, the row escalated when the canadian minister for foreign affairs expelled an indian diplomat who she said was the head of indian intelligence in Canada, followed by India expelling a canadian diplomat.

Conflict, Azerbaijan and Armenia

According to a report, two former soviet states are in conflict over a region Azerbaijan calls Nagorna Karabakh and Armenia calls Artsakh. There is a conflict of interests in the region currently inhabited by Armenians. Reportedly, tensions have been high for months, air raid sirens and mortar fire were heard in the regions main city. According to the report, eleven Azerbaijan police officers were killed, mainly in mine blasts.

Reportedly, the two neighbours have gone to war twice over the region, first after the fall of the soviet union in the 1990s, then in 2020. According to the report, Azerbaijan recaptured territories that had been held by Armenia since 1994, but since December Azerbaijan has mounted a blockade of the only route to the region from Armenia, the Lachin corridor.

Reportedly, Armenia said Azerbaijan’s artillery strikes had violated the ceasefire along the entire line of contact. According to the report, the Azerbaijan ministry of defence said on Tuesday that Armenians were systematically shelling its army positions and responded by mounting local activities to disarm and secure the withdrawal of Armenian armed forces. Reportedly, Azerbaijan said the use of high precision weapons meant only legitimate military targets were being incapacitated. According to the report, a Karabakh human rights ombudsman said an adult and a child had been killed, and several children had been wounded.

Reportedly, an Armenian official said, as of 1400 hours local time the situation on the border is relatively stable. According to the report, the truce that brought the 2020 six week war to an end has come under increased pressure in recent months. Reportedly, a south Caucasus commentator said that the Armenian population in the area had been weakened by the blockade, and the Azerbaijan operation had been launched seemingly to retake the region in its entirety. According to the report, on Monday Azerbaijan allowed the red cross into the region on two roads, one the Lachin corridor, the other from Azerbaijan.

Grain ban

According to reports, Ukraine has launched legal action against three bordering countries for banning exports of grain from the country. Reportedly, Ukraine plans to sue Poland, Hungary and Slovakia who announced their decision in favour of their farmers on Friday. According to the report, this followed the eu commission’s decision to lift a similar ban on the condition that Ukraine tighten controls of grain. An anxiety might be the use of depleted uranium shells that might infect the grain.

General election

According to a report, though the next irish general election is scheduled for March 2025, sinn féin said they would consider a coalition with fianna fáil in the right circumstances, though they poured cold water on the idea. Reportedly, tanáiste Micheál Martin has been criticising sinn féin, possibly because they refused to form a coalition following the last election in 2020. According to the report, sinn féin td Eoin O’Broin said young people are talking about high rents, high house prices and the possibility of emigrating because of the housing crisis.

U.n. summit, New York

According to a report, the u.n. summit is to take place in New York this year. Ireland will be represented. Reportedly, developing countries will be hoping for action on poverty and inequality in ending hunger and extreme poverty. Nothing has been done so far. According to the report, nobel peace prize winner Ellen Johnson Sirleaf said we find ourselves at a critical juncture in history.

Reportedly, the meeting takes place at a polarising junction. According to the report, the u.s. is the only country from the u.n. security council to send a leader. Reportedly, developing countries’ diplomats complained that key global players won’t be listening to their demands. According to reports, the economy is always an issue, another important issue is pandemic prevention.

Reportedly, the u.s. president and the ukrainian president speak on Tuesday, 144 nations’ leaders speak in all. According to the report, president Zelenskyy will attend a security council meeting focusing on the principles requiring everyone to respect other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.

Reportedly, the u.n. director of the international crisis group called the situation at the u.n. bleak, saying that major power tensions are having a more and more serious effect on the organisation.